The possibility of a robotic presidency

Today, in our world as humans, some have thought of treating robots like humans. Robots are now considered lifeless objects that are part of human property. In the future, when robots become intelligent, we may have to reconsider the thought. Is giving rights to robots really imminent?

Iran PressIran News: The role of artificial intelligence in our lives is becoming more and more every day. The beginning of the development of this technology dates back to much earlier; That was in the 1950s when the University of Dartmouth in the United States dedicated a summer research project to artificial intelligence. The roots of artificial intelligence can be traced even deeper into history and into the work of «Allen Newell», «Herbert E. Simon» and «Alan Turing». The famous Turing test was introduced by him in an article in the 1950s. This article is one of the first documents in which the emergence of smart cars is predicted. However, the topic of artificial intelligence had not yet attracted worldwide attention before the introduction of the Deep Blue supercomputer by IBM. Artificial intelligence algorithms have been used in large data centers and computers for many years, but their presence in the field of consumer electronics dates back to recent years. Alan Turing has a saying from the 1950s which says: I suggest the question be asked whether machines can think?

Today's reality of artificial intelligence is what it has achieved so far and what it might possibly achieve; It's very exciting, but it's far from artificial intelligence in science fiction. In this article, I intend to specifically address the effects of artificial intelligence on the future in the field of law and international relations. International security and international relations seem to be new attractions for artificial intelligence initiatives and applications. Of all the human behaviors, politics is perhaps the most difficult to automate. Politics is inherently very complex, reflecting the complexity of human behavior both as an individual and in the social dimension. This complexity seems much more real at the level of international relations.

In the not-too-distant future, with the advent of artificial intelligence at the human level, it seems far-fetched that it could be called general artificial intelligence. Even if progress is faster than expected, there would be considerable resistance to the idea of ​​turning responsibility into a machine. This can be seen today, especially in topics related to drones and robotic weapons systems. Therefore, it is very difficult to predict a world in which the elements of political decision-making by machines as a whole, without having any idea of ​​a completely different intelligent world of the future.

about ten years ago, the use of artificial intelligence and its role in our normal lives was limited to special and technical cases that only technicians could understand, but now we can say that artificial intelligence is part of our normal lives as humans. Can we imagine a robotic president or prime minister in the future? So far it is far from clear, but this does not mean that artificial intelligence will not have a significant impact on politics and international relations. This effect will manifest itself through changes in decision-making methods or the information of decision-makers, to the extent that they do not allow artificial intelligence to be the decision-maker. Considering the application of artificial intelligence in international relations correctly includes the structures that decision-makers support and the speed with which decisions are made.

We can say that artificial intelligence systems will not be replaced with humans at high levels of decision-making, but increasingly artificial intelligence will be part of the space in which human decision-makers operate. This evolution presents both great opportunities and significant risks, so it is vital to consider the potential impacts in the early stages. The use of artificial intelligence in legal services is growing rapidly, and new systems based on natural language processing are gradually taking over some of the tasks of lawyers. Experts and artificial intelligence specialists believe that lawyers in powerful and developed countries of the world will lose their jobs in the next 10 years because; Software based on artificial intelligence technology has now made it possible to prepare detailed contracts, analyze existing contracts and legal documents, and predict court rulings.

Artificial intelligence may eventually be able to perform all the operational or cognitive tasks that human intelligence currently requires. But given the possibility that such AI will take decades or even centuries to develop, current analysts and politicians may reasonably focus on the tasks assigned to AI in the short term. Such tasks are highly dependent on the capabilities of artificial intelligence. Of course, machines are able to process a lot of data very quickly. They can also provide much more information than the human mind.

In the field of legislation, we can summarize; The United States Congress has recently formed a committee to review the legal aspects of AI issues. In Europe, the European Parliament is also considering cases related to this issue, including how they can resolve criminal liability related to self-driving cars. In Asia, too, the State Council is considering new regulations for legal discussions related to artificial intelligence, especially since the great country of China has invested heavily in the development of this field of technology. Thus, today, the prevailing trend in the legislatures of most countries is to determine the lines and move in such a way that the adopted laws are directly in line with the needs of automated decision-making systems. Of course, the attitudes of different countries according to their political system also differ on this issue. Differences may sometimes lead to the creation of two different poles in the laws related to the discussion of artificial intelligence in the coming world.

Reviewing the issues raised, it can be said that legal systems around the world are just beginning to face independent artificial intelligence. Certainly, artificial intelligence will affect the legal systems of the world, just as it has affected other areas.

In the current situation, any legal system that acts in this direction earlier than others can be a leader in influencing similar practices in the world. This issue should also be considered by the custodians of the legal system in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Especially since our beloved country Iran has always been a leading country in this field.

By Mohammad Mehdi Seyyed Naseri

Translator, lecturer, and researcher in "law and international relations"